Gynaecologists – When can you see one, what to expect, common procedures

Our first reaction to the words “gynaecology,” “reproductive health,” and “menstrual issues” is panic. We are scared and embarrassed to even think about it, let alone book an appointment and visit a gynaecologist when there’s a need. 

It so happens that due to the stigma associated with female health, most women suffer silently and delay speaking to the doctor until it becomes unbearable. When this happens, it is usually very late and the treatment is prolonged. 

In this article, we will attempt to help you understand the importance of reproductive health and why you should not fear visiting the gynaecologist.

Who is a gynaecologist?

A gynaecologist is a doctor who specializes in female health, particularly the reproductive and urinary systems. 

Regular gynaecology check-ups are highly recommended from the age of 18 or when you hit puberty, if you have extremely painful cramps and heavy bleeding. These check-ups will ensure good health and help detect problems in the early stages. Treating potentially dangerous conditions such as cervical cancer, ovarian cysts, and female infertility early on will significantly increase the chances of successful and complete recovery. 

Obstetrics vs gynaecology – what is the difference?

Very often we refer to these two branches of medicine together. Women always say they have to visit their OB/GYN during pregnancy. While a few doctors combine these specialities and offer both services, they are different streams. Obstetricians provide treatment mainly during the pregnancy period right from conception to childbirth and postpartum. 

When should you see a gynaecologist?

Besides visiting annually for check-ups, you can book an appointment with your gynaecologist whenever you feel discomfort or pain. A few signs that you need medical help are as follows:

• Vaginal bleeding or abnormal discharge
• Frequent urination
• Pain in the pelvis
• Itching, redness, or swelling on the vagina
• Sex-related doubts or concerns
• Family planning

Conditions that gynaecologists treat

Gynaecologists are experts in treating all urinary and reproduction-related concerns such as:

• Sexually transmitted infections/diseases
• Pregnancy-related problems
• Menstruation-related problems
• Female infertility
• Endometriosis
• Cancers related to the breast and reproductive organs
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Sexual dysfunction
• Urinary incontinence
• Inflammatory diseases related to the vagina and pelvis
• Vaginal cysts and ulcers
• Congenital problems

*this is not an exhaustive list.

What to expect

First things first, there’s absolutely no need to worry about the appointment. Treat it like just another doctor’s visit where you find solutions to your problems. 

What happens during the appointment is specific to your concern. But, if you are visiting for the first time, you will go through a general check-up and have a discussion with your doctor about your medical records, past conditions, and the problem you are facing. Make sure you are honest and answer the questions with as much detail as possible because this interaction will determine the course of action. 

Things to remember (especially if this is your first visit)

There are many questions that may cross your mind and you may be embarrassed to ask. These pointers may help you answer them. 

• Gynaecology check-ups are not usually painful.
• You do not need to shave for the visit.
• You do not need to worry about foul odour. It is natural. But, if it indicates a problem, your doctor will tell you. 
• Don’t use tampons or engage in sexual activity for at least 2 days before the visit.
• If you are on your period, it is best to take a later appointment. 

Common procedures

Treatment generally begins with diagnostic tests based on the concern. These include:

1. Hysteroscopy 
2. Colposcopy
3. Pap smear 
4. Ultrasound
5. Endometrial biopsy